How do I help my child manage periods?

The short answer

Explain periods before the first one if possible: where the blood comes from, what it may look like, how long bleeding may last, which products exist, how to change and dispose of them, and what to do about a leak. Let the young person try pads, period underwear, tampons or menstrual cups only when those options are suitable and wanted. Sensation, smell, motor skills, remembering, time awareness and access to a toilet can each create a different barrier. Build a small kit for home, school and travel, and agree a discreet way to request help or spare clothes. Ask before tracking somebody else's cycle. If tracking is useful, record timing, bleeding, pain and effects on daily life in the young person's own terms. Do not assign every hard day to hormones. NHS guidance advises speaking to a GP when period pain or heavy bleeding affects daily life, and there are treatments that a clinician can discuss. Medication, hormonal treatment and contraception require an informed conversation with an appropriate health professional and direct involvement of the young person.

• Explain the biology and practical steps before the first period where possible.
• Offer product choice and test the sensory, motor and changing demands of each option.
• Agree discreet access to toilets, supplies, spare clothing and help at school.
• Treat cycle records as the young person's private health information.
• Seek health advice when pain, bleeding or other symptoms affect daily life.